Which medication is commonly used to prevent postpartum hemorrhage?

Oxytocin is commonly used to prevent postpartum hemorrhage because it is a potent uterotonic agent that stimulates uterine contractions. After delivery, the uterus needs to contract effectively to prevent excessive bleeding. Postpartum hemorrhage can occur due to uterine atony, where the uterus fails to contract after childbirth. By administering oxytocin, healthcare providers can enhance uterine tone and help to control blood loss, thus reducing the risk of hemorrhage. This makes it a crucial medication in the management of the third stage of labor.

The other medications listed do have specific uses in obstetrics but are not primarily aimed at preventing postpartum hemorrhage. Magnesium sulfate is often used for preventing seizures in women with preeclampsia or eclampsia. Rho(D) immune globulin is used to prevent Rh immunization in Rh-negative mothers. Betamethasone is a corticosteroid given to promote fetal lung maturity in preterm labor and does not influence uterine contractility in the context of postpartum hemorrhage. Each of these medications serves important roles in obstetric care, but oxytocin is specifically focused on addressing the risk of postpartum hemorrhage effectively.